UK political parties

Economy & cost of living

Cut the main rate of self-employed National Insurance, with a long-term ambition to abolish employee National Insurance; maintain the pensions "triple lock plus" by raising the personal allowance for pensioners in line with the state pension.

Health & social care

Continue the NHS Long Term Workforce Plan to increase doctors, nurses and midwives; build or modernise 100 GP surgeries and deliver 50 million more GP appointments a year.

Education & employment

Introduce a mandatory National Service for 18-year-olds, offering either a military placement or civic volunteering; protect day-to-day school spending per pupil in real terms and ban mobile phones in schools during the school day.

Housing

Build 1.6 million homes over the next parliament with a focus on brownfield sites; make the increased £425,000 stamp duty threshold for first-time buyers permanent and reintroduce Help to Buy.

Crime & justice

Recruit and retain 8,000 additional police officers; introduce tougher mandatory sentences for the most serious violent and sexual offenders and expand stop-and-search powers.

Immigration

Pledges a legally binding annual cap on legal migration that falls each year; would pursue the Rwanda deportation scheme and, if it proved necessary, legislate to limit or disapply the European Convention on Human Rights where it blocks removals.

Environment & climate

Maintain the legal commitment to net zero by 2050 while granting new North Sea oil and gas licences; treble offshore wind capacity and continue the ban on onshore wind in England without local consent.

Defence & foreign policy

Raise UK defence spending to 2.5% of GDP by 2030 on a firm timetable; maintain the Trident nuclear deterrent and continue long-term military and financial support for Ukraine.

Positions last reviewed: April 2026. If anything looks wrong or out of date, please let us know.

Economy & cost of living

Proposes a wealth tax of 1% annually on assets over £10 million and 2% over £1 billion; would raise the top rate of income tax, align capital gains tax with income tax, and raise the minimum wage to £15 per hour.

Health & social care

Proposes around £20 billion a year of additional NHS spending; would provide free NHS dentistry and free personal care for older and disabled people, and reverse further outsourcing of NHS services to the private sector.

Education & employment

Proposes abolishing university tuition fees and restoring maintenance grants; would extend free school meals to all primary-age children and require all teachers in state schools to hold a formal teaching qualification.

Housing

Proposes building up to 150,000 new social homes a year; would introduce rent controls in areas with unaffordable rents and bring empty homes and commercial buildings back into residential use.

Crime & justice

Would decriminalise the personal possession and use of all drugs, treating drug misuse as a health matter; would restore legal aid funding and expand restorative justice and community sentencing.

Immigration

Would close immigration detention centres and end indefinite detention; would give asylum seekers the right to work after three months, reunite refugee families and pursue a humane, rules-based asylum system.

Environment & climate

Advocates bringing forward the UK net zero target to 2040; would invest around £40 billion a year in the green transition, stop all new oil, gas and coal licences and rewild 30% of UK land and sea by 2030.

Defence & foreign policy

Oppose further UK spending on the Trident replacement programme and support multilateral nuclear disarmament through international treaties; maintain NATO membership and continued UK support for Ukraine while rebuilding closer ties with the EU.

Positions last reviewed: April 2026. If anything looks wrong or out of date, please let us know.

Economy & cost of living

Pledges no rises to income tax, National Insurance or VAT for working people, and has established publicly-owned Great British Energy to help reduce household energy bills.

Health & social care

Commits to 40,000 additional NHS appointments per week and the recruitment of 8,500 more mental health staff, with a long-term goal of creating a National Care Service.

Education & employment

Plans to recruit 6,500 new teachers in key subjects and provide free breakfast clubs in every primary school, funded by applying VAT to private school fees.

Housing

Pledges to build 1.5 million new homes over the parliament by reforming the planning system and reinstating mandatory local housing targets.

Crime & justice

Commits to 13,000 more neighbourhood police and PCSOs, and to establishing specialist rape and sexual offences units in every police force.

Immigration

Scrapped the Rwanda scheme and established a Border Security Command to disrupt people-smuggling networks, with plans to speed up asylum decisions.

Environment & climate

Aims for clean power by 2030 through Great British Energy, has stopped issuing new North Sea oil and gas licences, and plans to insulate five million homes under a Warm Homes Plan.

Defence & foreign policy

Commits to NATO and to raising defence spending to 2.5% of GDP as economic conditions allow, and continues UK military and political support for Ukraine.

Positions last reviewed: April 2026. If anything looks wrong or out of date, please let us know.

Economy & cost of living

Reverse tax cuts for large banks and increase the digital services tax on major tech and social media companies; raise capital gains tax thresholds for the wealthiest earners to fund public services.

Health & social care

Introduce free personal care for older people in England, modelled on the Scottish system; restore the right to see a GP within seven days (or 24 hours if urgent) and give mental health the same legal priority as physical health.

Education & employment

Reverse Conservative-era real-terms cuts to per-pupil school funding; place a dedicated mental health professional in every school and extend free school meals to all children in poverty.

Housing

Aims to reach a rate of 150,000 new social homes a year by the end of the parliament; would give local communities stronger rights over developments and introduce a Renters' Charter to ban unfair evictions and cap in-tenancy rent increases.

Crime & justice

Restore community and neighbourhood policing with named local officers; properly fund specialist rape and serious sexual offences units and ringfence funding for domestic abuse services.

Immigration

Rejoin EU-wide asylum cooperation, including the Dublin III system for returns; scrap the Rwanda scheme and process asylum claims quickly so people can work and contribute while they wait.

Environment & climate

Bring forward the UK's net zero target to 2045; oppose new North Sea oil and gas exploration, insulate all homes to EPC band C by 2030, and introduce a Clean Air Act with legal limits on pollution.

Defence & foreign policy

Raise UK defence spending towards 2.5% of GDP; maintain NATO and nuclear deterrent commitments and rebuild closer ties with the EU, ultimately aiming to rejoin the Single Market.

Positions last reviewed: April 2026. If anything looks wrong or out of date, please let us know.

Economy & cost of living

Replace the Barnett formula with a needs-based funding settlement for Wales; devolve the Crown Estate to Wales so revenues from Welsh waters and land benefit Welsh communities, and introduce a wealth tax on the very richest.

Health & social care

Increase investment in NHS Wales and expand free personal care for older and disabled people; train and retain more Welsh-speaking clinicians and reduce waiting lists through additional ring-fenced funding.

Education & employment

Expand Welsh-medium education with a target of one million Welsh speakers by 2050; restore maintenance grants for students from low-income backgrounds and cap primary class sizes.

Housing

Enshrine a legal right to adequate housing in Welsh law; build 30,000 social homes over the parliament, tighten rules on second homes and holiday lets, and introduce a vacant property levy.

Crime & justice

Campaign for the full devolution of policing and justice to Wales; restore legal aid funding and invest in community and neighbourhood policing.

Immigration

Support a humane, rules-based asylum system with faster decisions and the right to work for those awaiting outcomes; welcome refugees and reunite separated families.

Environment & climate

Commit Wales to net zero by 2035; oppose new oil and gas licences, invest in Welsh tidal and wind energy and restore nature through a dedicated nature recovery plan.

Defence & foreign policy

Opposes the renewal of the Trident nuclear weapons system and the siting of nuclear weapons anywhere in the UK; continues to support Ukraine, maintains NATO membership and backs the UK rejoining the EU Single Market.

Positions last reviewed: April 2026. If anything looks wrong or out of date, please let us know.

Economy & cost of living

Raise the personal income tax allowance from £12,570 to £20,000, lifting the lowest earners out of income tax entirely; abolish inheritance tax for estates under £2 million and progressively reduce corporation tax.

Health & social care

Commit to keeping the NHS free at the point of use but introduce a 20% tax relief on private healthcare and medical insurance; review the NHS funding model and target zero waiting lists within two years.

Education & employment

Reverse the application of VAT to private school fees and provide tax relief for independent schools; ban what the party calls "transgender ideology" and "critical race theory" from the classroom and enforce stricter discipline policies.

Housing

Fast-track planning on brownfield sites, incentivise private landlords to return properties to the rental market through tax relief, and prioritise social housing allocation for people with long-standing local or UK connections.

Crime & justice

Recruit 40,000 additional police officers over five years; build new prison places, introduce zero tolerance policing of anti-social behaviour, and deport foreign criminals on completion of their sentences.

Immigration

Proposes freezing "non-essential" immigration, withdrawing from the European Convention on Human Rights, and seeking to return small-boat arrivals to France (which would require French agreement); would deport those entering illegally.

Environment & climate

Scrap the 2050 net zero target and associated subsidies; restart North Sea oil and gas exploration, lift the ban on shale gas extraction (fracking), and withdraw from the Paris Agreement.

Defence & foreign policy

Raise UK defence spending to 3% of GDP within six years; maintain support for Ukraine and the nuclear deterrent, and push for reform of the UK's NATO contribution arrangements.

Positions last reviewed: April 2026. If anything looks wrong or out of date, please let us know.

Economy & cost of living

Scrap the two-child benefit cap and the household benefit cap; introduce an "Essentials Guarantee" minimum level of Universal Credit and pursue full fiscal autonomy for Scotland as a step toward independence.

Health & social care

Reject any form of NHS privatisation and ring-fence an additional £10 billion a year for the UK NHS; continue free personal care for the elderly in Scotland and protect free prescriptions.

Education & employment

Maintain free university tuition for Scottish students at Scottish universities; protect the Education Maintenance Allowance and continue the expansion of funded early years childcare.

Housing

Deliver more social and affordable homes through the Affordable Housing Supply Programme; continue Scotland's rent control framework for private tenants and support a "Housing First" approach to ending homelessness.

Crime & justice

Expand community-based alternatives to short prison sentences; continue Scotland-specific justice reforms including changes to the Not Proven verdict and invest in youth justice diversion.

Immigration

Calls for the UK-wide "hostile environment" to be scrapped and for immigration powers to be devolved so Scotland can introduce its own visa route for workers and families; supports family reunion for refugees and humane asylum processing.

Environment & climate

Maintain Scotland's legal target of net zero by 2045; oppose new nuclear power stations in Scotland, invest in Scottish renewables and back a Just Transition for oil and gas workers in the north east.

Defence & foreign policy

Oppose the renewal of the Trident nuclear weapons system and, on independence, remove nuclear weapons from Scotland; remain committed to NATO and continue UK support for Ukraine.

Positions last reviewed: April 2026. If anything looks wrong or out of date, please let us know.